Enel S.p.A. is an Italian electricity and gas group based in Rome, listed on the Borsa Italiana under the ticker ENEL as a member of the FTSE MIB index. It combines one of the world's largest electricity distribution networks with generation from hydro, wind, solar, geothermal and thermal plants, and it describes itself as active in 27 countries across Europe, Latin America, North America and beyond.
From national electricity board to listed group
Enel was established as a public body on 27 November 1962 under the name Ente Nazionale per l'Energia Elettrica, created by Italian legislation that brought almost all electricity generation, transmission and distribution in the country into a single entity. The company states that capacity doubled in less than a decade and that by the early 1970s 99 percent of Italy had access to electricity, after it extended the high-voltage grid and connected the islands by submarine cable. It was converted into a limited company in 1992, and the liberalisation of the Italian market in the 1990s separated production, distribution and transmission, with the grid operator Terna carved out and Enel's Terna shares sold in 2005. Enel went public in November 1999 in what it describes as the largest share offering on the Italian market at that time. The company installed the first smart meters in 2001, launched Enel Green Power in 2008, and acquired Spain's Endesa, giving it a major position in Spain and Latin America.
Scale, networks and customers
- Total installed capacity of more than 92 gigawatts
- Electricity network of about 1.9 million kilometres
- Around 54 million households and businesses supplied
- 200.3 terawatt hours generated in 2025
- 61,634 employees reported for 2025
Distribution is run through regulated network companies in Italy, Spain and Latin America, with Endesa serving the Spanish market and the group's Brazilian operations among its largest international businesses. Enel Green Power operates the renewable portfolio, while Enel X handles energy services and digital offerings for customers.
Financial performance
Enel reported revenue of 80.947 billion euros in 2025, with operating income of 11.533 billion euros, net income of 4.225 billion euros and total assets of 178.657 billion euros. In its half-year results published on 30 July 2026 the group recorded revenue of 40,919 million euros, up 0.3 percent, ordinary EBITDA of 11,838 million euros, up 3.2 percent, and group net ordinary income of 3,929 million euros, up 2.8 percent.
Growth came from Spain and Latin America, which more than offset lower margins in Italy, where average prices for residential and small business customers fell. Net financial debt stood at 61,011 million euros against 57,182 million euros at the end of 2025, after capital expenditure, dividend payments and buybacks by Enel and Endesa, a negative exchange rate effect and an estimated 1,200 million euro impact from Italy's energy decree. Funds from operations were about 6.1 billion euros on a recurring basis. Ordinary earnings per share were 0.40 euros for the half, against 0.38 euros, and the company guided to around 0.74 euros for the full year, the upper end of its range.
Ownership and governance
The Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance is the largest shareholder with about 23.6 percent of the share capital, and the remainder is held by institutional and retail investors. Paolo Scaroni is chairman and Flavio Cattaneo is chief executive. Enel also publishes brand guidelines and downloadable visual assets for its corporate and Enel X identities, and its brand page summarises the group as a 60-year-old company operating in 27 countries.
Contact
Enel's corporate channels consolidate customer and stakeholder contact through the group's websites, its national supply companies such as Enel Energia in Italy and Endesa in Spain, and its network operators. No general enquiry e-mail address is published on the pages retrieved; press contacts are listed as named media relations officers in the individual countries, for example in Brazil, and ethics or compliance reports go through a third-party ethics line linked from the group site. Because only personal addresses and web forms are offered, no e-mail address is recorded for this entry.